Master common anions and cations with formulas, charges, colors, and solubility
Total Ions
12
Charge Range
+1 to +3
Polyatomic
1
| Name | Formula | Charge | Color | Solubility | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hydrogen Found in all acids | H⁺ | +1 | Colorless | soluble | HCl, H₂SO₄, HNO₃ |
Lithium | Li⁺ | +1 | Colorless | soluble | LiCl, Li₂SO₄ |
Sodium | Na⁺ | +1 | Colorless | soluble | NaCl, Na₂SO₄, NaOH |
Potassium | K⁺ | +1 | Colorless | soluble | KCl, K₂SO₄, KOH |
Calcium | Ca²⁺ | +2 | Colorless | soluble | CaCl₂, CaSO₄, Ca(OH)₂ |
Magnesium | Mg²⁺ | +2 | Colorless | soluble | MgCl₂, MgSO₄ |
Aluminum | Al³⁺ | +3 | Colorless | soluble | AlCl₃, Al₂(SO₄)₃ |
Iron(II) Oxidizes to Fe³⁺ in air | Fe²⁺ | +2 | Pale green | soluble | FeCl₂, FeSO₄, Fe(OH)₂ |
Iron(III) | Fe³⁺ | +3 | Yellow-brown | soluble | FeCl₃, Fe₂(SO₄)₃, Fe(OH)₃ |
Copper(II) Distinctive blue color in solution | Cu²⁺ | +2 | Blue | soluble | CuCl₂, CuSO₄, Cu(OH)₂ |
Zinc | Zn²⁺ | +2 | Colorless | soluble | ZnCl₂, ZnSO₄ |
Ammonium Polyatomic ion | NH₄⁺ | +1 | Colorless | soluble | NH₄Cl, (NH₄)₂SO₄ |